Eczema and Psoriasis

The newest FDA-approved treatment for weight management and type 2 diabetes.

Includes tirzepatide, a medication that acts on two important hormones: GLP-1 and GIP.

This dual-action approach helps suppress appetite while also supporting better blood sugar regulation.

Intended to deliver improved results when used alongside lifestyle modifications.

Approved for weight management in adults who are overweight or obese.

Contains semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication.

Works by mimicking a natural hormone that influences the brain’s appetite regulation centers.

Supports reduced hunger and calorie consumption to encourage long-term weight loss.

Although oral and injectable weight loss medications can contain the same active ingredient (like semaglutide), their chemical formulations are specifically tailored to their method of delivery. Injectable medications are administered directly into the bloodstream, while oral medications must withstand the digestive process, resulting in different designs to maintain their effectiveness.

Key distinctions include:

• Injectables bypass the digestive tract, allowing for more efficient absorption; oral medications often require absorption enhancers.
• Oral tablets are formulated with protective coatings and carriers to withstand stomach acid.
• Injectables are often chemically more stable, especially for peptide-based drugs.
• Injectables generally allow for higher drug levels in the blood.
• Oral tablets contain more excipients (binders, coatings, etc.) than injectables.

Oral weight loss medications can be effective, but they don’t always function identically to injectable treatments. Even when containing the same active ingredient, oral medications are absorbed differently, which can slightly impact how much of the drug is available to work in the body.

That said, for many individuals, oral options offer a convenient and clinically effective alternative.

Key points:

• Oral medications may deliver lower drug levels into the bloodstream compared to injectables.
• Higher oral doses are often used to make up for reduced absorption.
• Clinical trials show that oral semaglutide (like Rybelsus) can produce weight loss comparable to injections in some individuals.
• For those who prefer to avoid injections, oral treatments provide an effective option when taken as directed and consistently.

The causes of eczema are multifactorial and may include:
Genetics: Eczema often has a genetic component, with a family history of the condition increasing the risk.
Immune System Dysfunction: Immune system abnormalities can contribute to the development of eczema.
Skin Barrier Dysfunction: Individuals with eczema have a compromised skin barrier, which makes the skin more susceptible to irritants and allergens.
Environmental Factors: Exposure to triggers such as pollen, pet dander, or harsh weather conditions can exacerbate eczema.
Irritants and Allergens: Certain substances, like fragrances, detergents, and certain fabrics, can irritate the skin and worsen eczema.

Diagnosing eczema usually involves a clinical assessment by a healthcare provider or dermatologist. Key aspects of diagnosis include:
Medical History: A thorough review of the patient's medical history and family history can provide insights into the likelihood of eczema.
Clinical Evaluation: Healthcare providers assess the appearance and location of skin rashes, along with any associated symptoms like itching.
Patch Testing: In some cases, patch testing may be conducted to identify specific allergens or irritants that trigger eczema.
Rule Out Other Conditions: Dermatologists may need to rule out other skin conditions that can mimic eczema, such as psoriasis or contact dermatitis.

Eczema creams are central to the management of this skin condition. They may include the following types of products:
Emollients: Emollient creams and ointments are essential for maintaining skin hydration and restoring the skin's natural barrier.
Topical Steroids: Topical corticosteroids can reduce inflammation and alleviate itching during eczema flare-ups.
Calcineurin Inhibitors: These are non-steroidal creams that can reduce inflammation and are particularly useful for sensitive areas like the face.
Antihistamines: In some cases, oral or topical antihistamines can help relieve itching.
Wet Wrap Therapy: This involves applying an emollient and wrapping the affected skin with wet bandages to enhance hydration.
Biologic Medications: In severe cases, biologic medications may be prescribed to modulate the immune system.
It's essential to work with a healthcare provider or dermatologist to determine the most appropriate treatments for your specific type of eczema.

Preventive measures for managing eczema include:
Hydration: Keeping the skin well-hydrated with emollients and moisturisers can prevent flare-ups.
Avoiding Triggers: Identifying and avoiding allergens and irritants that exacerbate eczema is crucial.
Gentle Cleansing: Using mild, fragrance-free soaps and avoiding hot water can prevent skin dryness.
Allergen Avoidance: For individuals with identified allergens, reducing exposure to these substances is key.
Regular Follow-Ups: Consistent follow-up appointments with a healthcare provider can help track progress and make necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.

Read more about Eczema and Psoriasis on the NHS website, following the links below:

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atopic-eczema/

https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/psoriasis/